argument怎么写（没有理由的英文怎么写）

本文目录

• 没有理由的英文怎么写
• 求大神指导一下GRE作文Argument部分该如何去写
• Argument的开头应该怎么写
• 问题的英文单词怎么写
• 如何写好Argument Essay
• 一篇好argument essay怎么写
• Argument写作建议
• Argument essay写作五个步骤
• argumentation怎么写

没有理由的英文怎么写

没有理由的英文：no reason

reason 读法 英   

1、作名词的意思是：原因;理由;理性;理智

2、作动词的意思：推理，思考;争辩;辩论;向…解释

短语：

1、without reason 无理由；不合理

2、for the same reason 为了同样的理由

3、for reason 因为…理由

4、within reason 理智的，合理的；合情合理

例句：

I still have no reason to doubt his word. 

我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。

扩展资料

一、reason的词义辨析：

argue，quarrel，debate，dispute，discuss，reason这些动词均含“辩论，争论，说理”之意。

1、argue指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。

2、quarrel指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。

3、debate侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。

4、dispute侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色彩，常隐含“各持已见”或“争论不休”意味。

5、discuss最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。

6、reason指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问题作更深入的研究。

二、reason的近义词：argument

argument 读法 英  

作名词的意思是：论证；论据；争吵；内容提要

短语：

1、same argument 同理

2、template argument 模板实参；范本自变量；模板参数

例句：

The doctors have set out their arguments against the proposals.

医生们已经说明了反对这些提案的理由。

求大神指导一下GRE作文Argument部分该如何去写

对于已经上过课或者自己复习GRE写作一段时间的同学来讲，大家肯定知道Argument就是要求我们做“杠精”，找出文章中作者重大的逻辑失误。

但是我们刚知道这个，是远远不够的。精准的找到逻辑错误，只是我们万里长征的第一步。

对于想要追求高分的同学来讲，通过我们缜密的分析来搭建完整的逻辑闭环是至关重要的。

现在，我们通过同学们的习作来引导大家不断的完善我们的攻击细节（所有段落都来自同学们全文批改的节选）。

# 节选一 #

To begin with, we should doubt the casual relation between the dramatically increased popularity of skateboarding users and the decrease in stores’ business established by the author. First of all, the stores might have many internal problems. They cannot offer a wider variety of goods and higher quality services to meet the needs of customers. Second, shops in Central Plaza might have fierce competition with nearby stores. Customers may prefer other stores so that the Central plaza might have decreased in business. Therefore, it is unconvincing that the decrease in their business is due to skateboarders.

这位同学的作文，整体结构已经搭建的非常好啦。

但是，在细节处理上，我们可以做的更好。比如这句话：First of all, the stores might have many internal problems. They cannot offer a wider variety of goods and higher quality services to meet the needs of customers.

单看这句话是没什么问题的，但是仔细一分析，会发现：原来Central Plaza是很受欢迎的，只是现在不好了。但是如果只写服务不好，产品多样性不高就会不合理，因为毕竟曾经这家shopping mall很受欢迎，所以它曾经的服务和产品应该是没问题的。因而我们就需要解释为什么商场会越做越差。

所以我们改成了：First of all, the out-of-date internal management could impede stores in Central Plaza from improving their service and products since it was immersed in its past glory time. Therefore, those disappointed customers could choose other nearby shopping malls, instead of Central Plaza.

这样改成之后，我们就可以看出来为什么现在差了呢？因为他们沉迷于以前的成功，不思进取啦。这样我们就把商场现在服务不好这件事情解释清楚了。

这个就叫逻辑闭环。如果大家在考试中可以注意到这样的逻辑闭环，并把它解释清楚，不仅仅会收获更多的字数，也会拿到更高的分数。

# 节选二 #

Moreover, there is a threshold problem involves the content of no Palean boats have been found in the river. The author regards no Palean boats have been found as the same as there were not any boats here before. However, from any aspects, no Palean boats have been discovered in the river and there were totally not any boats here in the past are wholly different. First of all, the row material of boats that Palean used could be wood they cut from tree which could be eroded and vanished as time went by. Besides, it’s likely that there were boats from Litho instead, passing the river and trading goods with Palean. In short, without ruling out those mentioned discrepancies, it is impossible to conclude no found Palean boats is equal to not any boats were once here.

这篇练习来自A166，这道题目本身难度较高，所以是我们直播二里重点讲解的题目。整体来看，这名同学做的很不错，但在细节上还需要进一步打磨。

比如这句：

First of all, the row material of boats that Palean used could be wood they cut from tree which could be eroded and vanished as time went by.

这句可以通过添加更多的细节让我们的论述更加完整。

首先，为什么船只能是木头做的呢？因为当时技术不够先进，没有别的办法。而木头又容易被微生物降解，所以现在就找不到了。

改完这句话就可以写成：

First of all, in the ancient time, people did not have highly developed technology and only used wood to make boats, which was easily decomposed by microorganism. 都是一句话，但是第二句表达更具有细节，解释的更到位。这个就叫逻辑闭环。

不管是Argument，还是Issue，我们都是采用五段式，除去开头段和结尾段，中间三个中心段落是我们得分的核心。

对于Argument来讲，多样的攻击细节和扎实的逻辑解释可以让我们对作者的攻击看起来更加合理，因而可以为我们赢得更多的分数。

在这个过程中，语言水平的高低并不会带来本质的影响（当然我们要尽可能的减少语法错误并保证表意清晰，只是可以不使用相对比较复杂的句子而已）。

Argument的开头应该怎么写

你要注意到它题目下面有要求的
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate
the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen
the argument.
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions
of the argument.Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these
assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions
prove unwarranted.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be
answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on
which it is based are reasonable.Be sure to explain how the answers to these
questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be
answered in order to decide whether the advice and the argument on which it
is based are reasonable.Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions
would help to evaluate the advice.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be
answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the
predicted result.Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would
help to evaluate the recommendation.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be
answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which
it is based are reasonable.Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions
would help to evaluate the prediction.
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations
that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s)
can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be
addressed in order to decide whether the conclusion and the argument on
which it is based are reasonable.Be sure to explain how the answers to the
questions would help to evaluate the conclusion.
总共有这些要求,要根据这些要求的不同对你的文章做改动.其实找的错都是一样的,你根据他的要求改一下表达方式.比如他问你assumption,你就写the argument assume that.However,the assumption .如果让你question,你就we may ask that .如果让你evidence,你就without evidence suggest that.it is possible.实际上.部分的内容都是表达的一个意思,换个表达方式和组织方式.一定不能按照同一套路写,要改动.建议你看看OG上的范文和要求,很清晰.
开头，关键是梳理清楚作者的逻辑链，也就是题干论述里的推理过程，作者是基于什么来得到他的结论的，你在开始的时候梳理清楚了，才能找到攻击的关节，接下来的文章就相对好展开了
大体上就是换汤不换药,希望可以帮到你

问题的英文单词怎么写

问题英文：question

question

一、含义：

n. 问题；疑问

v. 询问；怀疑

二、用法

question的基本意思是需要回答的“问题”，尤其指讨论中的事物，需要决定的事物、查询、事件等，即“议题，难题”，是可数名词。

question也可作“质疑”解，指不能肯定的事情或问题，是不可数名词，常与介词 about 连用。

question后常可接that引导的同位语从句，此时that无实义，只起连接作用，不可改为which。

The students asked a lot of questions.

学生们问了许多问题。

近义词：

argument

一、含义：

n. 辩论；论点；论据；争论；理由；(函数)自变量

二、用法

argument的基本意思是指互相认识或不认识的个人之间的“争论，争吵，辩论”，可以是理性的摆事实、讲道理，也可以是诉诸感情的激烈争论。分歧可能因此而解决，也可能不能解决。指一次争论或辩论时是可数名词，其他情况下多为不可数名词。

She handled a difficult argument skilfully.

她巧妙地应付了一场艰难的辩论。

如何写好Argument Essay

　　Argument Essay写作对于很多留学生来说很难完成，甚至不知道怎么动笔，总觉得没有把握写好。今天Meeloun小编就给同学们分享一些关于高分Argument Essay写作的技巧，希望可以帮到大家。
Introduction开头的组织框架
1.Set the context by addressing the topic in a general manner
Include background information with a short analysis and development of the debate背景，发展现状
2.Review the topic and explain why it is important
Answer this:Why should the reader care about the issue?
提一提Essay话题的必要性
3.Definition定义你所要辩论的主题以限定范围
4.Present a concise thesis statement(包括有关topic的观点和自己的立场）
Body Paragraph:
Body paragraph是陈述理由和支持的黄金地段
1.每段只能有一个主要观点
2.Connect the body of each paragraph to your thesis statement
Provide multiple,detailed examples per paragraph that explain why the evidence supports the thesis从正面论证自己的观点
3.Discuss opposing viewpoints of each paragraph’s main idea
Explain how the opposing arguments do not align with your thesis(rather than just dismissing them outright)反面论证，通过论证与自己观点相悖观点的漏洞，并比较利弊，使文章更有说服力
为了使文章更有说服力，你应该提供下列两种形式的evidence.
数据和引言Use statistical evidence&Incorporate empirical research through surveys and interviews
四种数据类型：
1.raw numbers(117 million visitors to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame,),
2.averages(women’s bowling teams drink on average two pitchers less then men’s’),
3.statistical probabilities(’crossing North Main during rush hour increases your chances of death 20%’),and
4.statistical trends(’applications have risen 40%over the past three years’).
Argument Essay写作权威性
两种引言类型：
1.First-hand testimony can help give the audience a sense of being there.
2.Experts backed by more formal knowledge,methods,and training
Conclusion:
Summary of essay argument
Restatement of the significance of the topic(Optional)
Give opinions,provide issues to improve situation
其实写Argument essay写作最需要的是发散思维，尽量多角度地选取论点，来令自己有话可说。字数不够时，引用切题的reference往往有奇效。
回答来源于Meeloun教育，原文链接

一篇好argument essay怎么写

其实，对于Argument Essay来讲，最重要步骤在于：破题。
写作步骤：
第一段：开头段。主要是归纳论点，说明论点有问题，存在逻辑漏洞，准备发起进。
第一层：This argument concludes/recommends/argues that…
第二层：To support this conclusion the writer cites…/points out that…
第三层：However, this argument suffers from several critical flaws and is therefore unconvincing/ unpersuasive as it stands.
第二段和第三段甚至第四段：分类别去攻击各个逻辑错误。(以因果关系类错误为例)
One problem with the argument is that, the editorial observes a correlation between… and …, then concludes that the former is the cause of the latter. However, the editorial fails to rule out other possible explanations for…For example,… Any of these factors, or other social, political or economic factors, might lead to…Without ruling out all other such factors it is unfair to conclude that…
第五段：结尾段。作者的结论似乎是合理的，但是通过论证，不是这样的。因此作者在做出决定之前，应该还要考虑其他情况。我们通过一篇文章作为实例来介绍Argument Essay的论证步骤和论证方法以及文章结构。
In the final analysis, the letter’s author fails to adequately support there commendation that…To bolster the argument, the arguer must provide detailed demo graphic/statistical evidence showing that…The author must also provide evidence–perhaps by way of a reliable survey—that…

Argument写作建议

Argument是一篇很有规律的文章，同issue问题相比，argument这篇作文更容易写。Argument每个题目由两个部分构成。第一部分是一句介绍性的话，用来提供论述的背景，这一句话没有逻辑错误可言。第二部分是论述本身，是一段完整的逻辑分析，其中肯定包括逻辑错误，这是我们阅读和攻击的重点。

Argument作文要求逻辑严谨，攻击有力到位，语言上掌握一些逻辑分析的语句等等。根据Argument作文的特点，为了加深对这些要点的理解，这里主要介绍一下在Argument写作中值得注意的地方，即一些好的建议。

建议1：仔细分析并找出argument中至少三、四个论证或论据方面的错误。

如果想拿到5分以上的分数，你就不能遗漏Argument中主要的逻辑错误。逻辑错误是argument作文中最重要的因素，如何快速准确地判断出argument论述中所隐含的逻辑错误就成为我们写作的重重之重。argument题库中题目虽然很多，有240多道，但是，这类作文是很有规律可言的，总结起来逻辑错误也就无外乎那么7大类，只要在考前做好充分的准备，这类文章是很有什么大问题的。逻辑错误主要有：因果类错误、类比类错误、数据统计类错误、无根据假定错误、急于概括性错误、言行不一错误、非此即彼（二选一，忽略其他同类）等。我们在备考中需要我们对这几类逻辑错误有充分的掌握，能够灵活运用攻击性的语句去攻击这些逻辑错误。

例如：

The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city ofMegalopolis.

"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work."

【题目译文】

在Megalopolis，过去三年间在大型合伙事务所就职的法学院毕业生数量下降了15％，而在小型，一般性事务所就职的毕业生数量则在增加。尽管大型事务所通常提供高的多的薪水，法学院毕业生选择在小型事务所工作主要是因为他们感受到更高的工作满足感。一项对于顶尖法学院一年级学生的调查显示，多数人同意挣更多的钱没有工作满足感更重要的说法。这一现象启示我们，Megalopolis的大型合伙事务所应该给毕业生提供更多的福利和激励，并减少他们的工作时间。

【文中的逻辑错误】

A. In the first place, the arguer fails to convince us that it was the lack of job satisfaction that resulted in the 15% decline in the number of law school graduates who went to work for large firms.

B. In the second place, the result of the surrey of first-year students at a leading law school does not lend strong support to the assumption that the smaller firm in the city ofMegalopoliscould offer more job satisfaction to graduates who choose to work there.

C. Finally, no evidence is provided as to why the large, corporate firms should offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of work hours and how taking these actions could lead to job satisfaction.

我们在找逻辑错误的时候，要在你文章中合乎逻辑地安排各个论点的顺序。也就是说，你所找的逻辑错误要按照Argument中错误出现的先后顺序来进行。语言再好，字数再多，如果没有抓住原题主要的逻辑错误，你的作文成绩连及格都不可能达到。因此，准确地找出逻辑错误就是拿到高分的基础，如何去攻击这些逻辑错误则是高分的保障。

建议2：要用充分的理由和/或恰当的例子来支持你的观点。

找出了原题中的逻辑错误后，就需要我们去组织语言和收集一些例子对逻辑错误展开有效的攻击。仅仅抓住逻辑错误是不够的，我们必须从逻辑的角度或至少从常识的角度进行分析，论证原论述的不合理性，即说明其证据不足以支持其结论，其假设并未得到有效的支撑。下面就针对上文中所提到的题目，列举一些相应的攻击例子。

As the large firms offer the higher salaries, they also demand higher and stricter qualification such as the jobseekers’ working experience, excellent performance in schools. If the requirements of employment became higher than the last three years, the enrollment will certainly decrease which means less student candidates can pass the tests or the interview. Another main cause is that maybe the large firms in Megalopolis confront some crisis of operation, so they decide to hire less people than before.

在攻击的过程中，议论不要离题，不要在评论中掺杂自己的主观想法。这也是Argument写作中最忌讳的地方。因为，它是一篇客观的评论，不像Issue作文，要求明确阐述自己主观的想法。在驳论中，要用有说服力的语言去攻击原题中逻辑错误，要知道Argument的论点更有说服力还是欠缺什么，以及如何才能使你更深入地评判它。

Argument essay写作五个步骤

在国外留学，有时候会遇到Argument essay这类论文作业。Argument essay的结构比较固定，所以大家掌握好写作结构就行了。当然，要想写好Argument essay，大家必须要抓住论文的逻辑点，下面DueEssay我就Argument essay的写作步骤给大家分析一下。
Step 1

看懂Task 2题目后，首先判断题目类型是Argument/Report/Mixed.
Step 2

如果是Argument，那么看清题目里面是要求对双方进行讨论（D&G），问你同不同意（agree or disagree），还是要求你比较利弊（advantages and disadvantages / benefits and drawbacks / a positive or negative development）。
Step 3

快速回忆自己通过练笔总结出的适合自己的论证结构，不必逐句照搬，按论证题目过程中的要求进行改动。写好开头段的原则是：克制、低调、不卖弄。写好主体段的原则是：自然、合理、不浮夸。写好结尾段的原则是：简明、概括、不偏离。
Step 4

对于有把握有思路的题目可以直接列出自己将要论证的ideas， 如果感觉题目很棘手，不必惊慌失措，立刻调动TM STREEC $的常用理由来构思想法。

Ps:国外对于论文的用词要求没那么高，你的ideas只要符合逻辑并能正确运用英语进行描述就可以。另argument essay并不长，ideas不必太多，也没必要过分赘述。踏踏实实地对少数几个reasons认真展开支持就已经很好了。
Step 5

行文时一定要避免堆砌“亮点”的错误倾向。（过分使用复杂词汇或长难句会导致文章冗长，半天摸不着头脑，评卷增加难度，分数自然难高。）以上就是关于Argument essay的写作步骤讲解，另外，建议大家尽可能使用一些简单的表达，通俗易懂才是硬道理。

argumentation怎么写

Argumentation
Argumentation, or argumentation theory, is the interdisciplinary study of how humans should, can, and do reach conclusions through logical reasoning, that is, claims based, soundly or not, on premises. It includes the arts and sciences of civil debate, dialogue, conversation, and persuasion. It studies rules of inference, logic, and procedural rules in both artificial and real world settings.
Argumentation includes debate and negotiation which are concerned with reaching mutually acceptable conclusions. It also encompasses eristic dialog, the branch of social debate in which victory over an opponent is the primary goal. This art and science is often the means by which people protect their beliefs or self-interests in rational dialogue, in common parlance, and during the process of arguing.
开头段的写法
第一句：背景句（最多2句）【要有个性】
第二句：主题句（题目同义替换）【可以套用模板】
第三句：观点句
主题句的写法：
some people / other people
→proponents/opponents
→those in favour of.../opponents of ...
→advocates/adversaries
→supporters/critics
Specific:
→technophiles/technophobes
→vivisectionists/antivivisectionists
→animal rights activists animal rights extremists
→environmentalists
→parents and educators
Think, believe
→suggest, claim, assert
→insist, hold, maintain, argue, contend
→raise the doubt whether…
→be concerned that…
→worry that…
*当观点明显偏向负面的话，不用说正
*当背景句已经说了正面，那么主题句中不用再交代正面
动词形式向名词形式转换
e.g.: some/other people believe…→There is a belief that…
1. There is a perception that… , while a counterargument is that…
2. There is much controversy/a heated debate over whether…
3. It is/has been a controversial/contentious issue/an issue of controversy/debate in our society whether…
4. It has sparked/stirred/aroused much controversy/a heated debate in our society whether…
*以上用于引出反方观点
5. There is some concern about…/over whether… *比较温柔
背景句的写法：
1. 交代主题句产生的原因【常用】
2. 人们熟知的社会现象【常用】
3. 引用名人事例
4. 交代事物的另一方面【常用】
5. 下定义【常用】
6. 引出一方观点
例1：Some people who have been successful in society don’t attribute their success to the theoretical knowledge they learned from their university. Do you agree or disagree?
可用名人例：Bill Gates, Michael Dell, Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg
例2：Advertising is discouraging people from being different individuals and makes people to be or seem to be the same.
Penetrate, infiltrate, facilitate, play an indispensible role in our society
一些有用的替换：
Today, Nowadays
→In recent years
→At present
→Currently
→In modern society
→In contemporary society
There are more and more…
→There is an increasing number/amount of …
→The number/amount of … is increasing/has increased.
→There is/has been an (…) increase in the number/amount of …
【使用There be句型的时候要注意不要出现两个谓语】
… is becoming more and more popular.
→… is becoming increasingly popular.
→… is gaining (worldwide) popularity.
→The popularity of … is growing/increasing.